CVE detail
CVE-2026-55991
In NLnet Labs Unbound 1.22.0 up to and including 1.25.1, a remote unauthenticated client can trigger a libngtcp2 assertion (if compiled with assertions on) and terminate the entire Unbound process using a single DNS-over-QUIC (DoQ) connection and one normal DNS query. This is caused by an erroneous error value passed to libngtcp2. When 'ngtcp2_conn_writev_stream()' returns 'NGTCP2_ERR_STREAM_DATA_BLOCKED', Unbound continues to call 'ngtcp2_ccerr_set_application_error()' with a '-1' error value. The 'int' literal '-1' is implicitly converted to the function's 'uint64_t error_code' parameter as '0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF'. The follow-on 'ngtcp2_conn_write_connection_close()' serialises that value as a QUIC variable-length integer; because '2^64-1' exceeds the 62-bit varint ceiling, 'ngtcp2_put_uvarintlen()' fails 'assert(n < 4611686018427387904ULL)' and the whole resolver process aborts. A remote, unauthenticated DoQ client can trigger this deterministically with a single QUIC connection by advertising 'initial_max_stream_data_bidi_local = 1' in its transport parameters and sending one DoQ query without ever reading the stream.
Buzz score
Why this CVE is surfacing
This all-time snapshot uses the same composite formula as Trending across a 30-year evidence window, rather than a current rolling window.
Buzz score components · mention 11.0 · diversity 10.0 · KEV 0.0 · OTX 0.0 · PoC 0.0
Why it matters now
Mention timeline
- Total mentions
- 2
- within the 30d window
- Peak daily
- 1
- highest bucket
Evidence
Source links by recency
2 source links · newest first
Information published.
vendormsrc.microsoft.comJul 23, 2026, 8:05 AM- https://www.nlnetlabs.nl/downloads/unbound/CVE-2026-55991.txtwww.nlnetlabs.nl
No excerpt available.
Vendor Advisorywww.nlnetlabs.nlJul 22, 2026, 2:17 PM
Exploit code
Public exploit repository references
Public PoC repositories are third-party, potentially unsafe artifacts. Treat their code as untrusted and use it only on authorized systems in an isolated, least-privilege environment. cvebuzz does not execute the code or verify that an exploit works.
0 repository references · best confidence N/A · max 0 stars
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